PLANT BIOSECURITY DIVISION |
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Plant Biosecurity is a strategic and integrated approach consisting of policy and regulatory frameworks to analyze and manage risks to plant health. It is a practice of managing biological risks associated with food and agriculture in a holistic manner.
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I. Capacity Building Programmes The division organizes educational and capacity building training programs in Biosecurity & Incursion Management and special capacity building programmes to promote SPS compliance. In addition to regular training programmes, organizes Workshops, International programmes and exclusive programmes for the Officials of DPPQ&S and NACEN. A. Educational Programs |
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MOOCs on Plant Biosecurity |
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AThe main objective of the course is to create awareness about plant biosecurity, plant quarantine system, to combat invasive plant pest threats, to enhance technical capabilities and human capacity building to meet such threats and to enhance Sanitary and Phytosanitary compliance. Plant Biosecurity is of paramount importance to any country to safeguard food-security, sustainability of agricultural/horticultural production and also in protecting livelihood of people. It has emerged as an urgent issue, which requires implementation of regulations, policies, enhancement of technological capabilities and human capacity building to meet such threats. |
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MOOCs on Rodent and Household Pest Management |
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B. Program for public sector |
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1. Plant Biosecurity and Incursion Management |
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2. Quarantine Insects: Detection & Identification |
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3. Quarantine pathogens: Seed Health Testing and Molecular Diagnostic Techniques |
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Seeds are the foundation for crop production and seed health is related to food production in many ways. Healthy seeds, free from known seed transmitted pathogens, are a prerequisite for sustainable food production. A seed health test is a phytosanitary requirement imposed by NPPO before allowing send to enter their territory in order to prohibit the entry/establishment/spread of exotic pests/pathogens. In view of this, a five days training module was created to create the pool of expertise in the area of seed health testing and molecular diagnostic techniques. |
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4. Pest Surveillance |
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Pest surveillance provides insights into the health status of a country’s agriculture and strengthens preparedness for preventive actions both in addressing the problems due to domestic pests of serious concern as well as in protection of native agricultural biodiversity from the incursion threats of exotic pests. During the five days training programme the participants will learn various pest surveillance strategies such as detection, monitoring and delimiting surveys. The tools required for surveillance of target pests and the procedures for establishment of Pest Free Areas to gain Market Access, various lures and traps for carrying out fruit fly surveillance for monitoring as well as for area-wide control will be covered during the programme. |
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5. Stored Grain Pests-Detection and Identification |
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6. Fruit fly Surveillance and Management |
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Fruit flies are responsible for losses in fresh produce as well as considered as major impediment in export of economically important fruits and vegetables. In five day training programme on Fruit fly Surveillance and Management, through various lectures & hands-on practices the participants will learn about fruit fly biology, classification, fruit fly identification, exotic fruit flies and their paths of entry, fruit fly surveillance.
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7. Orientation for PEQ Inspection Authorities |
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8. Plant Quarantine Procedures for Import and Export: |
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9. Pest Risk Analysis: |
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Pest risk analysis (PRA) is a science based tool to tackle the alien pests of concern to any nation while facilitating international trade. PRA is a process which helps to assess the risks of entry, establishment and spread potential of exotic pests. PRA helps to identify the options to prevent the entry and management options in the event of pest establishment. The international standards brought out by IPPC serve as guidance for carrying out PRA. |
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10. Orientation for Phytosanitary Certification (PSC) Issuing Authorities |
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Phytosanitary certification is one of the basic measures employed by the IPPC member countries to prevent global movement of plant pests in traded agricultural commodities. Phytosanitary certificates are issued by the exporting NPPO as a plant health certificate after carrying out inspection, sampling, testing and treatment (if required) to promote safe trade. The participants will get acquainted on international regulations and obligations under IPPC to promote safe agricultural trade, the role and responsibilities of NPPO and PSC issuing authorities. They also learn procedures for use of on-line PQIS software skills for inspection & sampling, testing for pests of concern to importing countries, importing country’s regulations. The importance of PFA/ALPP in export promotion and role of phytosanitary treatments for mitigating the pest risks as per the Standard Operating Procedures for Phytosanitary Certification will be covered in the programme. |
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11. Irradiation as a Phytosanitary Treatment |
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The increased movement of Agricultural commodities in International trade become a contentious issue for both biosecurity and market access negotiations.The Phytosanitary Treatments such as fumigation, cold treatment, forced hot air treatment, hot water immersion treatment and irradiation are used as pest risk management option for prevention of exotic pests in International trade. Many countries use irradiation as phytosanitary treatment in export and import of fresh fruits and vegetables. |
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C. Programmes for Private Sector: |
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1. Phytosanitary Inspection Training for Phytosanitary Service Agency and Phytosanitary Service Provider for Inspection of Plants/ Plant Products and other Regulated Articles in Export: |
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2. Phytosanitary Treatments |
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Phytosanitary Treatments often serve as one stop solution at the end point of export. The increased trade in agricultural products is accompanied by the increased risk of entry of inadvertently transporting quarantine pests to countries or regions. Quarantine pests can seriously disrupt trade of fresh agricultural products not only between countries, but also between geographical areas within countries unless accepted post-harvest quarantine treatments are available. Phytosanitary treatments are helpful in safeguarding biosecurity and also in gaining market access. Following programmes on Phytosanitary Treatments were offered. |
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a) Fumigation as a Phytosanitary Treatment (Methyl Bromide and Aluminium Phosphide Fumigation): |
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b) Forced Hot Air Treatment (FHAT): |
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The packaging material is one of the most threatening pathways for incursion of timber pests across the globe. Forced Hot Air Treatment (FHAT) is one of the approved treatments for packaging material under ISPM -15. National Standard for Forced Hot Air Treatment (NSPM-9) has been developed which prescribes treatment procedures and the steps to register the facility.
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Vertebrate and Urban Pest Management |
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Rodent Pests are cause of concern in Agriculture, Horticulture, Food grain and commodity storage, and Public Health sectors. The crop damage made by them varies from 5 to 15% contributing significantly to the productivity of cereal, pulse, oilseed and plantation crops. The loss caused by them to food grain and commodity storage is about 2.5% in the country. Rodents also affect public health as vectors and reservoirs for bacteria which cause zoonotic diseases such as plague, leptospirosis, scrub typhus, Leishmaniosis, murine typhus and salmonellosis. The increase in urbanization and variability in climate further aggravated their problem leading to rodent outbreaks in some pockets of country. The Institute has been in the forefront of Rodent Pest Management by significant contributions in rodent pest and vector management within the country and abroad since 1967. Realizing the increasing rodent problems, the Vertebrate & Urban Pest Management Division (V&UPM) offers capacity building programs on various related to rodents, higher vertebrates and urban pests to scientists of SAU, agricultural extension functionaries, pest control professionals, farmers etc to undertake the actual control operation and prophylactic strategy and follow-up measures. |
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Capacity Building Programmes |
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Training on Risk assessment and management of vertebrate pests in agriculture and horticultural ecosystem |
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To impart the knowledge on vertebrate pests (nilgai, wild boar, rodents, monkeys, birds etc.,), its and its mitigation measures to prevent losses in different agricultural corps among the Indian agricultural universities and SAUs scientists. Training is designed to understand vertebrate pest problems in agrarian and urban ecosystems and commodity storage; to diagnose major vertebrate pests and understand their biology in relation with their management; to understand the methods of assessing their infestation and damage incidence; to understand various methods involved in their management including monitoring the management measures; to understand the planning processes involved for implementation of vertebrate pest management; to understand the role of chemicals in management of rodent pests and to analyse reasons for wild animal problems for suggesting appropriate management measures. The training program is devised to be highly practical oriented. |
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Rodent Pest Management |
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Rodent pest Management in Store house of food grains |
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5 day duration training is being conducted for the State Government officials, Food Corporation of India and Central Warehousing and State Warehousing Quality Control officials to develop skills about rodent pest problems in commodity storage, to diagnose major rodent species and understand their biology in relation with their management, to understand the methods of assessing their infestation and damage incidence and to understand the planning processes involved for implementation of rodent pest management. |
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Fifteen days certificate course on Urban Integrated Pest Management |
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Non-Insect Pest Management- Mites, crabs, snail and slugs and avain |
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Non-insects pests like mites, crabs, snails, slugs and birds are emerging as important pests in Agriculture, Horticulture and allied sectors causing huge losses to farmers. There is an urgent need to acquaint and train researchers, academicians and field extension functionaries across the country on non-insect pests, their occurrence in different areas, on different crop stages and their relation to climate change by providing various management strategies. In view of the above, the training is conducted from 2020. |
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Vertebrate Pest Management - Wild boar, Monkey and Birds |
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The aim of the training is to create the trained manpower and to create awareness about of the major vertebrate pests like wild boar, monkey and birds and it is management techniques to the extension functionaries. |
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Farmers training on Vertebrate Pest Management (off-campus mode) |
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Rodent / Vertebrate Pest Management for extension officers (off-campus mode) |
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Projects |
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1. USDA-NIPHM Collaboration |
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National Institute of Plant Health Management strives to emerge as an internationally acclaimed Centre of Excellence for Human Resource and Policy Development in Plant Biosecurity and sustainable Plant Health Management. To strengthen the capacity in training, research and policy issues in the area of Plant Health Management and Plant Biosecurity, NIPHM has initiated action for collaboration with USAID/USDA. The collaboration with USDA/USAID has been approved by Department of Agriculture & Cooperation (DAC) and Ministry of External Affairs (MEA). The work plan on areas of collaborative activities has been developed jointly by NIPHM and USDA. The work plan has been approved by Department of Agriculture & Cooperation. Technical experts from USDA/APHIS associated with NIPHM faculty organized several international and national capacity building programs. |
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2. Evaluating the synergistic role of elevated levels of CO2 and heat in the efficacy of phosphine fumigation – Collaborative research project with USDA |
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3. Designing & Constructing different types of Traps-Collaborative research project with USDA |
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4. The Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry DAFF, Australia – NIPHM Collaboration |
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NIPHM in collaboration with DAFF Australia organized a workshop on Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) Awareness for the officials of Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Maldives, Sri Lanka and India at New Delhi. Second workshop on Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) Awareness was organized at Sri Lanka. |
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5. Eradication of Invasive weed Ambrosia psilostachya |
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An obnoxious ragweed was reported to occur in Tumkur district of Karnataka and was later identified as Ambrosia psilostachya DC, an invasive weed of Mexican and Northern American origin. The weed is of quarantine significance to India and regulated as quarantine weed under Schedule VII of PQ Order, 2003. This weed is highly invasive in its native and introduced range. The negative effects of the weed are being experience in invaded forest and agro-ecosystems and in public and social lands. The weed needs to be contained to prevent the further spread and subsequently eradicated. A delimiting survey was conducted for Ambrosia psilostachya with an objective to gauge the extent of its spread and arrest further spread and to plan for its eradication. |
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6.Study on Fumigation of Coffee Beans with Aluminium Phosphide-Collaborative project with Coffee Research Institute |
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This project is collaborated with Central Coffee Research Institute, Chickmagalur, Karnataka to evaluate the efficacy of ALP fumigation of coffee beans against coffee berry borer and to study the effect of Aluminium Phosphide fumigation on the mortality of all stages including egg of coffee berry borer. The research is initiated and mass multiplication of insects in the laboratory. |
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7. Alternatives to Methyl Bromide fumigation for wheat, pulses and wood Fumigation- DAC project |
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This project is funded and collaborated with Department of Agriculture and Cooperation mainly to evaluate the efficacy of ALP fumigation against Pulse beetle in pulses, Rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzae) in Wheat and Lyctid beetles and termites in wood. |
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8. Computer assisted digital Identification keys for Stored Grain Insects Pests and fruit flies of import and export concern |
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9. Protecting Food Security in SE Asian Countries by Developing Early warning and Ready Response Systems for Invasive Weed Incursions- Global Challenges Research Fund-UK |
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The Project objective was to bring together experts in weed risk analysis, agricultural economics, agricultural data collection, bio-economic modelling, and digital technology; and plant protection policy-makers and educators from India, Bhutan and United Kingdom and to identify the stakeholder requirements and resource requirements for the development and evaluation of the above said tools. |
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10. Prioritization of exotic looming Plant Pest Threats & domestic Quarantine pests, and Identification of Geographic Potential Areas for the pest establishment |
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As per section 2.2.2.2 of ISPM 2 (Guidelines for Pest Risk Analysis; International Standard for Phytosanitary Measures 2; IPPC, 2019), Climatic modelling systems may be used to compare climatic data on the known distribution of a pest with that in the PRA area to assess the probability of establishment. Furthermore, as per section 4.3.2.2 of PRA training manual (FAO, 2007), analysis may involve the use of geographic information systems (GIS) and other computerized systems such as CLIMEX to model and map potential pest distributions in the PRA area. Hence, CLIMEX modeling system is applied to estimate the potential endangered areas for the pest establishment. |
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11. Studies on shelf life and packing material for export of major green leafy vegetables |
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The green leafy vegetables such as Spinach, Amaranthus, Methi, Purslane and Roselle were packed in various packing material and kept at room temperature and refrigerated condition in order to study their shelf life. |
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12. Survey on the Incidence of sucking pest complex of different vegetable crops in Rangareddy district, Telangana |
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A survey was conducted to know the status of different insect pests and natural enemies associated with major vegetable crops grown in Rangareddy district, Telangana during the year 2020-2021. Villages viz., Papireddyguda, Lemur, Chenvelli, Peddashapur, Chegur and Kanduwada from Rangareddy district were selected to record the pest incidence under roving survey. |
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13. Establishment of Plant Health Clinic |
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14. Studies on impact of rodents in different Human habitat in Hyderabad city |
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In urban environment the close association between human and rats increased the potential for spread of many zoonotic diseases and causing significant morbidity and mortality. The zoonotic case number is increasing every year. Therefore, there is a need to understand the effect of environment factors that favours the build-up rodent population in urban situation. |
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15. Development of wild boar management modules in agro ecosystem |
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Evaluated different feasible integrated management modules available for effective management of wild boar in agro ecosystem. In single tier module, circular razor blade wire and bioacoustics treatments were highly effective and gave complete protection against the damage caused by wild boar. In two tier module, the fishnet + coconut coir treated with pig oil and biofence + bioacoustics system gave full protection to the crops from damage by wild boar. In case of three tier module Fishnet + Treated coconut coir (pig oil) + Bioacoustics have protected the crop from wild boar without any damage. |
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